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Cost accounting includes recording, analyzing and reporting costs to the management department. The goal of this type of accounting is to gain an insight into the cost structure of a business that can be used to better manage it and thus improve profitability. Cost accounting is especially useful for understanding which parts of a business are profitable and which need improvement. Unlike financial accounting, this type of accounting is primarily intended for internal operational activities. This system can also be used to calculate the value of assets and expenses that should be reported in financial statements. For example, an accountant calculates the value of the year-end inventory shown on the balance sheet. In the same way, the accountant calculates and records the cost of the goods sold, which is included in the profit and loss statement. These calculations are not simple, because the cost accountant may need to calculate the cost of goods, allocate overhead costs and separate the costs of by-products.
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